vsFTP简单安装测试

G> 最近公司安排搭建一个ftp服务器，这里选用了以前使用过的vsftp测试一下。系统选择CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1804.iso,安装完系统之后,配置
腾讯源https://mirrors.tencent.com/help/centos.html之前的需要先备份一下。
’
CentOS7
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/repo/centos7_base.repo
更新缓存
yum clean all
yum makecache
内容引自丁明一编写的运维资料。

1. yum install -y vsftpd
2. systemctl start vsftpd
3. systemctl enable vsftpd

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文件简单说明
/etc/logrotate.d/vsftpd 日志轮转备份配置文件
/etc/pam.d/vsftpd 基于pam的vsftpd验证配置
/etc/vsftpd vsftpd软件主目录
/etc/vsftpd/ftpuser 默认的ftpd黑名单
/etc/vsftpd/user_list 可以通过主配置文件设置该文件为黑名单或白名单
/etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf vsftpd主配置文件
/usr/sbin/vsftpd vsftpd主程序
/usr/share/doc/vsftpd-3.0.2 vsftpd文档资料路径
/var/ftp 默认ftp共享目录

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未完结
vsftpd支持匿名登录、本地账户登录，虚拟账户登录。
这里用本地账户进行配置。
原配置文件

# Example config file /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Beware - allowed by default if you comment this out).
#anonymous_enable=YES
anonymous_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool ftp_home_dir
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
# When SELinux is enforcing check for SE bool allow_ftpd_anon_write, allow_ftpd_full_access
#anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
#anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/xferlog
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode. The vsftpd.conf(5) man page explains
# the behaviour when these options are disabled.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
#ascii_upload_enable=YES
#ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
#ftpd_banner=Welcome to blah FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd/banned_emails
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd/chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# When "listen" directive is enabled, vsftpd runs in standalone mode and
# listens on IPv4 sockets. This directive cannot be used in conjunction
# with the listen_ipv6 directive.
#listen=NO
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
# Make sure, that one of the listen options is commented !!
#listen_ipv6=YES

pam_service_name=vsftpd
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES

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//添加用户
useradd -s /sbin/nologin xiaobai
useradd -s /sbin/nologin xiaomao
//修改密码
password xiaobai 123456

//关闭防火墙
setenforce 0
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl start vsftpd
systemctl enable vsftpd

500 OOPS: vsftpd: refusing to run with writable root inside chroot () 错误
添加 allow_writeable_chroot=YES
OOP chroot()错误
关闭selinux
/etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
#SELINUX=enforcing

---

chroot_local_user把用户禁锢自己家目录，不能访问其他目录
/etc/vsftpd/ftpusers 默认为黑名单
/etc/vsftpd/user_list
当userlist_enable=true启用此文件配置
当userlist_deny=true时为黑名单，=false时为白名单

虚拟账号的使用
yum install libdb-utils.x86_64
主配置文件

anonymous_enable=NO
local_enable=YES
guest_enable=YES
guest_username=virtual
allow_writeable_chroot=YES
write_enable=YES
local_umask=022
dirmessage_enable=YES
xferlog_enable=YES
connect_from_port_20=YES
xferlog_std_format=YES
listen=YES
listen_ipv6=NO

pam_service_name=vsftpd.vu
userlist_enable=YES
tcp_wrappers=YES
user_config_dir=/etc/vsftpd/vusers_dir

@1 创建用于FTP认证的用户数据库文件
cd /etc/vsftpd/
vim vuser.list

问题一
Response: 226 Transfer done (but failed to open directory).
需要在虚拟账户的配置文件中加入
anon_world_readable_only=NO

#编辑文件
vi /etc/selinux/config
#设置SELINUX=disabled

问题二 想在centos7上安装filezilla
yum -y install epel-release
yum -y install filezilla

问题三 为每个虚拟用户单独指定目录 需要添加local_root属性

anon_upload_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
anon_other_write_enable=YES
anon_world_readable_only=NO
local_root=/var/ftproot/zhangsan

static ip setting

TYPE=“Ethernet”
PROXY_METHOD=“none”
BROWSER_ONLY=“no”
BOOTPROTO=“static”
DEFROUTE=“yes”
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=“no”
IPV6INIT=“yes”
IPV6_AUTOCONF=“yes”
IPV6_DEFROUTE=“yes”
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=“no”
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=“stable-privacy”
NAME=“em1”
UUID=“0000000”
DEVICE=“em1”
ONBOOT=“yes”
IPADDR=“0.0.0.0”
NETMASK=“000.0”
GATEWAY=“0.0.0.0”
DNS1=“0.0.0.0”
DNS2=“0.0.0.0”

530 Login incorrect.
rewirte pam file
#auth required pam_shells.so
auth required pam_nologin.so

目录绑定方法
/etc/fstab

/home/–/-- /home/–/-- none bind 0 0
/home/–/-- /home/–/-- none bind 0 0