HTML报告

1、Unittest自动化报告生成

在使用Unittest进行自动化测试时，往往需要生成测试报告，以Web自动化测试-Unittest中的测试类为例，利用Unittest自带的报告生成模块生成测试报告，具体代码如下：

from unittest import loader
import unittest

from unitest1 import TestBaidu

suite = unittest.TestSuite()
loader = unittest.TestLoader()
cases = loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestBaidu)
suite.addTests(cases)
with open("report.txt","w") as f:
    runner = unittest.TextTestRunner(f,verbosity=2,descriptions=True)
    runner.run(suite)
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其中verbosity=2表示生成详细的测试报告，生成的report.txt文件中包含以下内容，以下信息表示总共有两个测试用例，成功一例失败一例：

test_01_news (unitest1.TestBaidu) ... ok
test_02_picture (unitest1.TestBaidu) ... ERROR

======================================================================
ERROR: test_02_picture (unitest1.TestBaidu)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\Code\selenium\unitest1.py", line 53, in test_02_picture
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//a[text()='ͼƬ']").click()
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 80, in click
    self._execute(Command.CLICK_ELEMENT)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 628, in _execute
    return self._parent.execute(command, params)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 320, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotInteractableException: Message: element not interactable
  (Session info: MicrosoftEdge=104.0.1293.54)


----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 18.014s

FAILED (errors=1)
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同样在成功一例失败一例的情况下，若verbosity=0，生成的测试报告如下：

======================================================================
ERROR: test_02_picture (unitest1.TestBaidu)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\Code\selenium\unitest1.py", line 53, in test_02_picture
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//a[text()='ͼƬ']").click()
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 80, in click
    self._execute(Command.CLICK_ELEMENT)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 628, in _execute
    return self._parent.execute(command, params)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 320, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotInteractableException: Message: element not interactable
  (Session info: MicrosoftEdge=104.0.1293.54)


----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 17.947s

FAILED (errors=1)
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若verbosity=1，在上述情况下生成的测试报告如下，与verbosity=0相比，多了第一行的".E"，其中"."表示运行成功，"E"表示运行失败：

.E
======================================================================
ERROR: test_02_picture (unitest1.TestBaidu)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\Code\selenium\unitest1.py", line 53, in test_02_picture
    self.driver.find_element(By.XPATH,"//a[text()='ͼƬ']").click()
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 80, in click
    self._execute(Command.CLICK_ELEMENT)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webelement.py", line 628, in _execute
    return self._parent.execute(command, params)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\webdriver.py", line 320, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "C:\anaconda3\envs\webtest\lib\site-packages\selenium\webdriver\remote\errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotInteractableException: Message: element not interactable
  (Session info: MicrosoftEdge=104.0.1293.54)


----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 17.964s

FAILED (errors=1)
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从上述实验中可以看出unittest生成测试报告虽然可以获取较为详细的测试信息，但整体的美观性不足，因此本文引入unittestreport第三方库获取更为美观的测试报告。

2、Unittestreport安装

截止发文时，Unittestreport最新版本为1.5.1，然而其采用的urllib3的版本最高为1.25.11，selenium在4.0版本之后对urllib3的版本要求最低为1.26，因此会存在依赖项冲突，因此本文安装时选用selenium的3.14版，与此同时，若采用Edge浏览器，则驱动名称需要改为"MicrosoftWebDriver.exe"，否则会报驱动文件无法定位的错误。具体安装代码如下：

pip install unittestreport==1.5.1 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
pip install selenium==3.14 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
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3、使用Unittestreport生成测试报告

与unittest生成报告的流程类似，都需要先加载测试用例，再使用TestRunner生成测试报告，具体代码如下：

from unittest import loader
import unittestreport
import unittest

from unitest1 import TestBaidu

suite = unittest.TestSuite()
loader = unittest.TestLoader()
cases = loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestBaidu)
suite.addTests(cases)
runner=unittestreport.TestRunner(suite=suite,
                    filename="reports.html",
                    report_dir="./reports",
                    title="web测试报告",
                    tester="张三",
                    desc="测试报告",
                    templates=1)
runner.run()
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templates表示报告模板，一共有三种，可以根据自己需要进行选择：
templates=1：

templates=2：

templates=3：