SpringMVC ---- 注解配置SpringMVC

使用配置类和注解代替 web.xml 和 SpringMVC 配置文件的功能

1. 创建初始化类，代替web.xml

在 Servlet3.0 环境中，容器会在类路径中查找实现 javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer 接口的类，如果找到的话就用它来配置 Servlet 容器。
Spring 提供了这个接口的实现，名为 SpringServletContainerInitializer，这个类反过来又会查找实现 WebApplicationInitializer 的类并将配置的任务交给它们来完成。Spring3.2 引入了一个便利的 WebApplicationInitializer 基础实现，名为 AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer，当我们的列扩展了 AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer 并将其部署到 Servlet3.0 容器的时候，容器会自动发现它，并用它来配置 Servlet 上下文。

package com.fickler.mvc.config;

import org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter;
import org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer;

import javax.servlet.Filter;

/**
 * @author dell
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class WebInit extends AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherServletInitializer {
    /**
     * 指定spring的配置类
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getRootConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{SpringConfig.class};
    }

    /**
     * 指定springMVC的配置类
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    protected Class<?>[] getServletConfigClasses() {
        return new Class[]{WebConfig.class};
    }

    /**
     * 指定DispatcherServlet的映射规则，即url-pattern
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    protected String[] getServletMappings() {
        return new String[]{"/"};
    }

    /**
     * 添加过滤器
     */
    @Override
    protected Filter[] getServletFilters() {

        CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter = new CharacterEncodingFilter();
        characterEncodingFilter.setEncoding("UTF-8");
        characterEncodingFilter.setForceRequestEncoding(true);
        HiddenHttpMethodFilter hiddenHttpMethodFilter = new HiddenHttpMethodFilter();
        return new Filter[]{characterEncodingFilter, hiddenHttpMethodFilter};

    }
}

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2. 创建SpringConfig配置类，代替spring的配置文件

package com.fickler.mvc.config;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * @author dell
 * @version 1.0
 */

@Configuration
public class SpringConfig {

    //ssm整合之后，spring的配置信息写在此类中

}

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3. 创建WebConfig配置类，代替SpringMVC的配置文件

package com.fickler.mvc.config;

import com.fickler.mvc.interceptor.TestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader;
import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ViewResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine;
import org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.templatemode.TemplateMode;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ITemplateResolver;
import org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver;

/**
 * @author dell
 * @version 1.0
 */

@Configuration
//开启扫描组件
@ComponentScan("com.fickler.mvc.controller")
//开启MVC注解驱动
@EnableWebMvc
public class WebConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {

    //使用默认的servlet处理静态资源
    @Override
    public void configureDefaultServletHandling(DefaultServletHandlerConfigurer configurer) {
        configurer.enable();
    }

    //配置文件上传解析器
    @Bean
    public CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
        return new CommonsMultipartResolver();
    }

    //配置拦截器
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        TestInterceptor testInterceptor = new TestInterceptor();
        registry.addInterceptor(testInterceptor).addPathPatterns("/**");
    }

    //配置视图控制

    /*@Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");
    }*/

    //配置异常映射
    /*@Override
    public void configureHandlerExceptionResolvers(List resolvers) {
        SimpleMappingExceptionResolver exceptionResolver = new SimpleMappingExceptionResolver();
        Properties prop = new Properties();
        prop.setProperty("java.lang.ArithmeticException", "error");
        //设置异常映射
        exceptionResolver.setExceptionMappings(prop);
        //设置共享异常信息的键
        exceptionResolver.setExceptionAttribute("ex");
        resolvers.add(exceptionResolver);
    }*/

    //配置生成模板解析器
    @Bean
    public ITemplateResolver templateResolver() {
        WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext();
        // ServletContextTemplateResolver需要一个ServletContext作为构造参数，可通过WebApplicationContext 的方法获得
        ServletContextTemplateResolver templateResolver = new ServletContextTemplateResolver(
                webApplicationContext.getServletContext());
        templateResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/templates/");
        templateResolver.setSuffix(".html");
        templateResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        templateResolver.setTemplateMode(TemplateMode.HTML);
        return templateResolver;
    }

    //生成模板引擎并为模板引擎注入模板解析器
    @Bean
    public SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine(ITemplateResolver templateResolver) {
        SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine = new SpringTemplateEngine();
        templateEngine.setTemplateResolver(templateResolver);
        return templateEngine;
    }

    //生成视图解析器并未解析器注入模板引擎
    @Bean
    public ViewResolver viewResolver(SpringTemplateEngine templateEngine) {
        ThymeleafViewResolver viewResolver = new ThymeleafViewResolver();
        viewResolver.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        viewResolver.setTemplateEngine(templateEngine);
        return viewResolver;
    }

}

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4. 测试功能

package com.fickler.mvc.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

/**
 * @author dell
 * @version 1.0
 */

@Controller
public class TestController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }

}

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